“偏桃”名实考

Study on the Name of Pian Tao(偏桃)

偏桃是域外传入的果中珍品,在古代文献出现频繁,且有多种异名,如扁桃、偏桃人、偏核桃、婆淡树、八担杏、巴榄等,这些名源多未得到深入探研,很多学者将其归入杏属,目前权威的词典也多未对其进行明确界定。通过结合传统文献资料综合考释发现,多元文化交融对偏桃命名影响深远,偏桃不是杏,应归入桃属,而且具有重要的文化价值,揭示这一事实将有助于当前辞书中相关词条的准确界定。

Pian Tao(偏桃)is a precious fruit introduced from abroad,which appears in ancient works frequently.As for it,there are many different names,such as Pian Tao(扁桃),Pian Tao Ren(偏桃人),Pian He Tao(偏核桃),Po Dan Shu(婆淡树),Ba Dan Xing(八担杏),Ba Lan(巴榄)and so on,but most of the origins of these names have not been thoroughly explored and studied.Therefore,many scholars attribute it to the genus Apricot.What's more,at present,most authoritative dictionaries do not clearly define it either.Through comprehensive research and interpretation combined with traditional literature and materials,it is found that multicultural blending has far-reaching influence on the naming of Pian Tao.Actually,Pian Tao(偏桃)belongs to the genus Peach rather than Apricot,It has important cultural value,and the revelation of this fact will help the accurate definition of related entries in the current dictionary.