欠发达地区一年级农村留守儿童与非留守儿童饮食行为比较研究

The eating behaviors of first-grade rural left-behind children and non-left-behind children in underdeveloped areas comparative study

目的了解我国欠发达地区小学一年级农村留守儿童与非留守儿童饮食行为,为促进欠发达地区儿童健康改善提供依据。方法选取2016年11月—2017年1月东中西部5省6县欠发达地区留守儿童598例,非留守儿童306例,采用面对面问卷调查的方式了解饮食行为情况。结果留守儿童水果、白开水及膨化食品摄入与非留守儿童比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。留守儿童与非留守儿童蛋白质、奶类、肉类、新鲜蔬菜及每天吃早餐比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论留守儿童存在更多饮食不规律的情况,留守儿童与非留守儿童都有不良饮食习惯,如偏食、挑食等,应加强欠发达地区儿童,尤其是留守儿童饮食行为指导。

Objective To understand the eating behaviors of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in the first grade of primary school in underdeveloped areas of China,and to provide evidence for improving the health of children in underdeveloped areas.Methods A total of 598 cases of non-left-behind children and 306 cases of non-left-behind children were selected from 6 counties in 5 provinces in eastern,central and western regions from November 2016 to January 2017.Results There were significant differences in the intake of fruits,boiled water and puffed food in left-behind children compared with non-left-behind children(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between left-behind children and non-left-behind children in protein,milk,meat,fresh vegetables and the number of breakfast meals per day in 7 days(P>0.05).Conclusion There are more irregular diets among left-behind children.Both left-behind children and non-left-behind children have bad eating habits,such as partial eating and picky eating.The dietary behavior guidance of children in underdeveloped areas,especially left-behind children,should be strengthened.