高校研究生跨学科培养的内在逻辑与组织建构

Internal Logic and Constructive Strategies of Interdisciplinary Training for Graduate Students in Universities

知识生产模式的转型对高校人才培养提出新要求,跨学科培养成为研究生教育改革的重要趋势。研究生跨学科培养内蕴着科教融汇、产教融合的双重命题,这一双重命题也构成了高校开展研究生跨学科培养的内在逻辑与基本遵循。而在以学科组织为基本结构的大学中开展跨学科教育,尚面临着活跃的跨学科科研与滞后的跨学科教学的分离、跨学科人才旺盛的产业需求侧与迟滞的高校供给侧的脱节。美国研究生跨学科培养的组织经验表明,高校需突破传统院系单一封闭的培养模式,通过嵌入多种类型的跨学科学术组织,构建多方主体跨学科协同育人的组织策略,为跨学科科研与教学的融合、产业界与高校人才培养的协同提供组织基础,培养出融会贯通、学以致用的高层次复合型创新人才。

The transformation of knowledge production mode puts forward new requirements for education in universities,and interdisciplinary cultivation has become an important trend in graduate education reform.The interdisciplinary cultivation of graduate students implies a dual proposition of science-education integration and industry-education integration.It has become the internal logic and necessary path for universities to construct interdisciplinary training models.However,interdisciplinary education in universities is still facing a deviation between active interdisciplinary research and lagging teaching,disconnect between the strong demand side of industries and the sluggish supply side of universities.The historical experience in the United States indicates that universities need to break through the traditional organizational model of single and closed departments.By embedding multiple types of interdisciplinary academic organizations and constructing an organizational strategy for collaborative education among multiple subjects,we can provide an organizational foundation for the integration of interdisciplinary research and teaching,and the synergy between industry and universities,in order to cultivate high-level compound innovative talents.