韩国主流媒体对日本核污水排放的报道话语分析——以《朝鲜日报》《中央日报》《东亚日报》为中心

Critical Discourse Analysis of ROK's Media Reports on Japan's Nuclear Sewage Discharge——Take Chosun Daily,JoongAng Ilbo and Dong-A Ilbo as Examples

2021年4月13日日本宣布决定将123万吨核污水排海,受地缘关系和洋流影响,亚太地区国家尤其韩国媒体对此反应强烈。韩国代表性三大报纸《朝鲜日报》《中央日报》《东亚日报》2021年4月至2023年9月的核污水排放相关报道多达3000余条。然而韩媒核污水报道内含了民众、媒体及政府三者间的复杂关系。本文主要以文在寅执政期间的2021年报道为例,依据费尔克拉夫批评话语分析理论,从以下几个方面透视报道的隐含话语:从批评话语分析文本分析的“及物性”出发,分析三大日报对韩国民众话语的集中报道原因;从批评话语分析文本分析的“语词表达”出发,分析报道中三大报纸对文在寅政府态度转变过程报道的侧重点以及媒体与政府的复杂关系话语;从三维框架理论的“社会实践分析”出发,分析报道背后的内政外交复合话语。韩媒的日本核污水排放报道不单纯是一种环境意识的反映和舆论呼吁,其潜在的话语是韩国国内政治势力的博奔、韩国安保与外交政策、国际关系处理的一个环节,是我们了解韩国及东北亚区域国情的重要窗口。

On April 13,2021,Japan announced that it would discharge 1.23 million tons of discharge nuclear sewage into the sea.Because of the geographic location and the ocean currents,Asian-Pacific nations,especially the media of ROK has strong opinions about it.From April 2021 to September 2023,ROK's three representative newspapers,Chosun Ibo,JoongAng Ilbo,and Dong-A Ilbo,reported more than 3000 reports on nuclear sewage discharge.Based on Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis theory,this paper analyzes the hidden discourse of reports from following aspects:from the perspective of"transitivity"of CDA text dimension,this paper analyzes the reasons for the three dailies'concentrated reporting of people's discourse;from the perspective of"wording"of CDA text dimension,this paper analyzes the focus of three major newspapers'reports on the attitude change process of the Moon Jae-in administration and the complex relationship between media and government;from the perspective of the social practice dimension of CDA theory,this paper analyzes the complex discourse of domestic and foreign affairs behind the report.The ROK's media's report on Japan's nuclear sewage discharge is not just a reaction of environmental consciousness or public opinion appeals,but also a part of the game among domestic political forces,ROK's security and foreign policy,and international relations.The microscopic investigation about it is an important window for us to understand the national conditions of ROK and Northeast Asia.