福州市体检人群子宫颈癌的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer Among Physical Examination Population in Fuzhou City

目的探讨福州市子宫颈癌患者的相关危险因素,为制订本地区子宫颈癌防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法选择福州市第一总医院健康体检中心2013年1月—2022年12月年龄35~64岁子宫颈癌患者100例作为病例组。按照病例对照研究的1∶1匹配原则,选取同一地区、同一医院、年龄差异<3岁的非恶性肿瘤患者100例作为对照组。采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归进行统计分析。结果农村居民[(odds ratio,OR)=4.125,P=0.003]、人乳头状瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染(OR=55.200,P<0.001)和并发生殖道感染(OR=2.992,P=0.047)为子宫颈癌的危险因素。初婚年龄(OR=0.881,P=0.032)、正常分娩次数≤2(OR=0.480,P=0.033)和避孕(OR=0.291,P=0.002)为子宫颈癌的保护因素。结论福州市妇女子宫颈癌的高发是多种因素共同作用的结果,HPV感染是子宫颈癌的最高危险因素,生殖道感染和农村居民基本医疗保险的妇女子宫颈癌的危险性较高;初婚晚、生育次数≤2次和避孕是子宫颈癌发生的保护因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors of cervical cancer in women in Fuzhou,and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and treatment strategies and measures of cervical cancer in this area.Methods A total of 100 women with cervical cancer aged 35-64 years from January 2013 to December 2022 in the Health Examination Center,Fuzhou First General Hospital were selected as the case group.According to the 1:1 matching principle of the case-control study,100 patients with non-malignant tumors in the same region and hospital with an age difference of less than 3 years were selected as the control group.Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results Rural residents(OR=4.125,P=0.003),human papillomavirus(HPV)infection(OR=55.200,P<0.001)and concurrent reproductive tract infection(OR=2.992,P=0.047)were risk factors for cervical cancer.Time of first marriage(OR=0.881,P=0.032),normal number of births≤2(OR=0.480,P=0.033)and contraception(OR=0.291,P=0.002)was a protective factor for cervical cancer.Conclusion The high incidence of cervical cancer in Fuzhou women is the result of multiple factors.HPV infection is the highest risk factor of cervical cancer,and the risk of cervical cancer in women with reproductive tract infection and rural residents'basic medical insurance is higher.Late first marriage,the number of births≤2 times and contraception are protective factors for cervical cancer.