数字经济对黄河流域资源型城市绿色效率的驱动作用

Driving effects of digital economy on green efficiency of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin

[目的]数字经济有助于促进绿色效率的大幅提升,进而为推动新质生产力发展注入动力。探究资源型城市数字经济对绿色效率的作用机制,对资源型城市打破路径依赖、实现绿色转型和高质量发展具有重要意义。[方法]以黄河流域39座资源型城市为研究对象,结合城市地理分布、资源类型和发展阶段特征,采用DEA-SBM模型测算20032020年流域内资源型城市的绿色效率值及其动态变化,通过异质性分析、机制分析和非线性分析探究数字经济对绿色效率的驱动作用。[结果]①研究期内黄河流域资源型城市的绿色效率值先上升后趋于稳定,下游城市优于中上游城市,且石油型和再生型城市分别在资源类型和发展阶段类别中最高;②数字经济显著驱动了绿色效率提升。异质性检验表明,数字经济在上游城市、金属型和成熟型城市的作用效果相比中下游和其他类型的城市更显著;③数字经济主要通过绿色技术进步而非产业结构的中介效应来间接驱动绿色效率提升,城市群则对数字经济作用效果发挥正向调节效应;④非线性分析表明资源赋不具有门槛效应,数字经济作用效果在其自身的双重门槛中先增后减,而在年份的双重门槛中均递增,说明最优水平拐点尚未出现。[结论]数字经济有助于提升资源型城市绿色效率,据此建议应在全流域和城市群两个层面制定激励政策。在工业化基础上,利用数字经济这一新兴形态对原有产业进行适时适度地重塑与升级,以协同推进黄河流域资源型城市绿色转型和数字经济发展,并通过实施差异化措施进一步增强数字经济驱动绿色效率的作用效果。

[Objective]The digital economy helps to promote the green efficiency greatly,and then injects power into promoting the development of new quality productivity force.Exploring the mechanism of digital economy on green efficiency in resource-based cities is of great significance for resource-based cities to break path dependence,realize green transformation and high-quality development.[Methods]Taking 39 resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin as the research object,and considering their geographic distribution,resource types,and development stages,this study measured the green efficiency value of these cities and its dynamic change in 2003-2020 using the data envelopment analysis-slacks-based measure(DEA-SBM)model.Heterogeneity analysis,mechanism analysis,and nonlinear analysis were used to explore the driving effect of the digital economy on green efficiency.[Results](1)During the study period,the green efficiency value of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin gradually increased and tended to be stable.The downstream cities were better than the middle and upstream cities,the petroleum cities were better than the coal and metal production dominant cities,and the regenerative type cities were better than the mature,growing,and declining cities;(2)The digital economy significantly promoted green efficiency.Heterogeneity analysis showed that the effect of the digital economy on upstream cities,metal production dominant cities,and mature cities is more significant than that of middle and downstream cities and other types of cities;(3)The digital economy indirectly drove the improvement of green efficiency mainly through the intermediary effect of green technology progress rather than industrial structure,and urban agglomerations played a positive moderating role on the effect of the digital economy;(4)The nonlinear analysis showed that resource endowment did not have a threshold effect.The effect of the digital economy first increased and then decreased in its own double thresholds,but increased in the double thresholds of the year,indicating that the optimal level inflection point had not yet appeared.[Conclusion]The digital economy contributes to the green efficiency of resource-based cities,so we recommend to formulate incentive policies at the levels of the whole basin and urban agglomeration.On the basis of industrialization,cities can use the digital economy to reshape and upgrade the original industries in a timely and appropriate manner to jointly promote the green transformation and the development of the digital economy of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin,and further enhance the role of the digital economy in driving green efficiency through the implementation of differentiated measures.