职业本科建设的中日比较——以日本专门职大学为例

A Comparison of Vocational Undergraduate Construction between China and Japan--A Case Study of Japanese Specialized Vocational Universities

专门职大学是日本在面对职业教育身份困境与产业转型发展过程中衍生出的新事物,也是日本高等职业教育的新兴力量。我国职业本科的实施背景与日本相似,发展也有异曲同工之处,因此将日本专门职大学与我国职业本科从各维度进行对比研究,对我国职业本科的建设具有一定的借鉴意义。对比发现,日本专门职大学与我国职业本科在改革背景、课程设置、质量保障、学位授予等方面存在相同之处,但在招考制度、培养定位、专业设置、师资建设、产教融合等层面存在不同之处,同时在这些方面的实践经验可为我国职业本科建设提供参考。

Specialized vocational universities are a new phenomenon that has emerged in Japan in the face of the dilemma of vocational education identity and industrial transformation and development.They are also an emerging force in Japan’s higher vocational education.The implementation background of vocational undergraduate education in China is similar to that in Japan,and there are also similarities and differences in its development.Therefore,comparing Japanese specialized vocational universities with various dimensions of vocational undergraduate education in China has certain reference significance for the construction of vocational undergraduate education in China.By comparison,it is found that there are similarities between Japanese specialized vocational universities and Chinese vocational undergraduate programs in terms of reform background,curriculum design,quality assurance,degree awarding,etc.However,there are unique differences in recruitment system,training positioning,professional setting,faculty construction,and integration of enterprises with vocational schools and universities.At the same time,practical experience in these aspects can provide reference for the construction of vocational undergraduate programs in China.