露天地下楔形转接过渡诱导冒落控制边坡岩移危害技术研究

Study on the Technology of Induced Caving to Control the Hazard of Slope Rock Movement in theOpen-Pit Underground Wedge Transition Method

露天地下楔形转接过渡模式的安全管控是利用崩落法开采挂帮矿形成的塌陷坑阻止边坡岩移威胁露天采场,但地采扰动下的高陡边坡破坏过程不易控制,因而制约了楔形转接过渡模式在大型深凹露天矿山中的应用。针对上述问题,结合极限平衡分析方法,揭示出崩落法开采扰动下的高陡边坡渐进破坏规律,提出了边坡滑移体体积计算方法,以及通过调控回采顺序控制边坡滑移进程以实现塌陷坑完全承接边坡滑移体的边坡岩移危害控制技术。研究表明:边坡岩体不会随挂帮矿向下开采而发生持续破坏,只有当挂帮矿开采至关键分段时,边坡岩体受力状态超过极限平衡状态才发生滑移破坏,可通过滞后回采关键分段上盘三角矿延缓边坡滑移,以及通过滞后回采关键分段下盘矿体和采用下向阶梯状回采工作面增大塌陷坑容积,最终实现塌陷坑有序承接边坡滑移体。研究成果完善了大型深凹露天矿楔形转接过渡的安全管控方法,提高了楔形转接过渡模式的适用性。

The safety control method of the wedge-shaped transition from open-pit to underground mining is to use the surface collapse pit formed by caving the hanging wall to prevent the slope rock movement from threatening the open-pit.How-ever,it is difficult to control the failure process of high and steep slope under ground mining disturbance,which restricts the ap-plication of wedge transfer mode in large-scale deep concave open-pit mine.In order to solve the above problems,combined with the limit equilibrium analysis method,the law of progressive failure of high and steep slope under the disturbance of caving mining is revealed,and the calculation method of slope sliding body volume is proposed.Finally,the rock displacement hazard control technology of slope is developed.This technology can control the slope sliding process to make the collapse pit fully ac-commodate the slope sliding body through regulating the mining sequence.The research shows that the slope will not be contin-uously damaged with the downward mining of the hanging wall ore.Only when the hanging wall ore is mined to the key section,because the rock mass stress state exceeds the limit equilibrium state,the slope slip failure occurs.The slope slip can be de-layed by delaying the stoping of the triangle mine on the hanging wall of the key sublevel,and the volume of the collapse pit can be increased by delaying the stoping of the foot ore body of the key sublevel and using the down-stepped stoping face,so that the collapse pit can receive the sliding body of the slope in an orderly way.The research results improve the applicability of the wedge-shaped transition mode in large deep concave open-pit mines by improving the safety control method.