面向数字孪生的大型露天金属矿生产调度仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Large-scale Open-Pit Mine Production Scheduling Oriented to Digital Twin

在金属矿山数字化生产变革的推动下,如何从未来生产预测角度出发,以提高总体生产效率为目的,面向数字孪生开展细节化生产仿真已成为亟待解决的难题。针对准确度高、操作性强、前瞻效果好的调度需求,构建了露天金属矿山数字孪生系统架构,阐明了基于生产仿真试验的矿山数字孪生应用路径。结合作业车间调度问题(JSSP)分析方法,分别基于周期总产量PT最大和单设备产量均值PM最大构建了铲运设备流调度仿真的目标函数,并设计了包含构建仿真模型、检验模型误差、设计仿真试验和分析试验结果等步骤的仿真试验流程。最后以攀西某铁矿山的第5年生产计划为例,基于目标函数分别对采场内部运输和全过程运输开展了仿真预测计算,共计算了515种试验方案。模型计算的误差绝对值控制在2%以内,综合考虑产能、设备负荷和设备工作效率等数据之间的均衡性,推荐设备方案480和229为最优方案。研究表明:设计的仿真试验流程及模型预测结果可靠,能够实现对调度方案的多角度评估,可以为大规模连续生产系统仿真的创新应用提供依据。

Driven by the transformation of digital production in metal mines,how to carry out detailed production simula-tion for digital twins from the perspective of future production prediction to improve the overall production efficiency has be-come an urgent problem to be solved.Aiming at the scheduling requirements of high accuracy,strong operability and good fore-sight,the digital twin system architecture of open-pit metal mine is constructed,and the application path of mine digital twin based on production simulation test is expounded.Combined with the analysis method of Job shop scheduling problem(JSSP),the objective function of shoveling equipment flow scheduling simulation was constructed based on the PT maximum of total cy-cle output and PM maximum of average output per unit,and the simulation test flow was designed including the construction of simulation model,testing model error,designing simulation test and analyzing test results.Finally,taking the fifth year produc-tion plan of an iron mine in Panxi as an example,based on the objective function,the simulation and prediction calculation of the stope transport and the whole process transport are carried out,and a total of 515 test schemes are calculated.The absolute value of calculation error of the model is controlled within 2%.Considering the balance among data such as production capaci-ty,equipment load and equipment work efficiency,device scheme 480 and 229 are recommended as the optimal schemes.The results show that the designed simulation test flow and model prediction results are reliable,which can realize the multi-angle evaluation of scheduling schemes,and can provide a basis for the innovative application of large-scale continuous production system simulation.