岩巷掘进工作面控风净化除尘系统设计与应用

Design and Application of Wind Control and Purification Dust Removal System inDriving Face of Rock Roadway

针对岩巷掘进工作面压风风流携带迎头粉尘弥漫扩散造成粉尘治理难度大的问题,提出了掘进面“控风—净化”综合粉尘治理方案,构建了由湿式旋流除尘器、易装拆控尘装置、便移式负压风筒等组成的岩巷掘进面高效除尘系统,对比分析了除尘系统的不同安装方案对除尘效果的影响;综合考虑现场除尘效果与劳动强度,明确了湿式旋流除尘器最佳安装方案以及负压风筒与控尘装置的最优安装位置。在某矿辅运大巷岩巷掘进面进行了现场应用,结果表明:当负压风筒安装至通风风筒对侧,吸尘口距巷道迎头3 m,控尘装置位于通风风筒压风口后方5 m时,迎头高浓度粉尘在通风风筒压风、控尘装置控风及除尘器抽尘共同作用下被控制在迎头附近,并不断向负压风筒吸尘口运移最终被除尘器抽入净化,除尘器前方全尘和呼尘除尘效率分别达到95.9%和94.9%以上,除尘器后方全尘和呼尘除尘效率分别达到96.5%和95.4%以上,显著提升了巷道可见度,有效解决了岩巷掘进面通风造成的粉尘治理难题。

In view of the difficulty of dust control caused by the diffuse diffusion of dust carried by the compressed air flow in the driving face of rock roadway,a comprehensive dust control scheme of"wind control-purification"was put forward,and an efficient dust removal system for the driving face of rock roadway was constructed,which consisted of a wet cyclone dust collector,an easy-to-assemble and disassemble dust control device and a portable negative pressure air duct.The influence of different installation schemes of the dust removal system on the dust removal effect was compared and analyzed.Considering the dust removal effect and labor intensity,the best installation scheme of wet cyclone dust collector and the best installation posi-tion of negative pressure air duct and dust control device are determined.The field application in the driving face of rock road-way in a mine auxiliary transportation roadway shows that when the negative pressure air duct is installed at the opposite side of the ventilation ram,the dust suction port is 3 m away from the roadway head-on,and the dust control device is 5 m behind the air pressure port of the ventilation ram,the high-concentration dust in the head-on is controlled near the head-on under the combined action of the air pressure of the ventilation duct,the air control of the dust control device and the dust extraction of the dust collector,and continuously moves to the dust suction port of the negative pressure duct,and is finally sucked into the dust collector for purification.The dust removal efficiency of total dust and respirable dust in front of the dust collector is above 95.9%and 94.9%respectively,and the dust removal efficiency of total dust and respirable dust in the back of the dust collec-tor is above 96.5%and 95.4%respectively,which significantly improved the visibility of the roadway and effectively solved the dust control problem caused by ventilation in rock roadway driving face.