水体溶解性有机质与重金属影响机理的研究进展

Research Progress on Interaction Mechanism Between Dissolved Organic Matter and Heavy Metals in Water

溶解性有机质(DOM)是水体中最活跃的组分,可与金属离子发生吸附、络合、氧化还原等一系列反应,影响金属离子在水环境中的迁移转化。DOM的主要成分为腐殖质,而富里酸(FA)和胡敏酸(HA)为腐殖质中占比最高的2种成分,占DOM总量的40%~60%。DOM与重金属离子的相互作用一般用稳定常数表示其形成的络合物的稳定性,对重金属离子的吸附量和吸附率会受到pH值、温度、反应时间等多种环境因素的影响。在调研大量国内外文献基础上,综述了DOM与重金属离子相互作用机制及其影响的研究进展。

Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is the most active component in water,capable of undergoing a series of interactions,such as adsorption,complexation,oxidation reduction and so on with metal ions,which in turn affect the migration and transformation of metal ions in the aqueous environment.The main components of DOM are humic substances,with fulvic acid(FA)and humic acid(HA)being the two highest proportion components,accounting for 40%to 60%of the total DOM.The interaction between DOM and heavy metal ions is generally represented by the stability constants,which indicate the stability of the formed complexes.The adsorption capacity and rate of heavy metal ions are influenced by various environmental factors such as pH,temperature,and reaction time.Based on extensive research from domestic and international literature,this paper provides an overview of the mechanisms and impacts of the interaction between DOM and heavy metal ions.