儿童缺铁性贫血的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in children

目的分析儿童缺铁性贫血的影响因素。方法采取整群分层抽样法选取济南市2021年接受健康体检的7899名7岁以下儿童为研究对象,收集血红蛋白检测数据,对儿童家长进行问卷调查,分析儿童缺铁性贫血的影响因素。结果共检出缺铁性贫血儿童417名,占比5.28%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,母亲学历高、家庭月收入高、及时添加含铁食物及家长知晓贫血相关知识是儿童缺铁性贫血的保护因素(P<0.05);早产、近2周有呼吸道感染史或腹泻史、辅食添加不及时是儿童缺铁性贫血的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童缺铁性贫血受到多方面因素的影响,需从健康宣教、营养干预、预防常见病及铁缺乏等方面采取针对性措施,以进一步降低儿童缺铁性贫血的发病率。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in children.Methods Cluster stratified sampling method was adopted to select 7899 children under 7 years old who received health examination in Jinan City in 2021 as the research objects,the hemoglobin test data were collected and the questionnaire survey was conducted with the parents of the children to analyze the influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in children.Results A total of 417 children with iron deficiency anemia were detected,accounting for 5.28%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high maternal education,high monthly family income,timely addition of ironcontaining food and parents’awareness of anemia related knowledge were protective factors for iron deficiency anemia in children(P<0.05).Premature birth,history of respiratory infection or diarrhea in the past two weeks,and inadequate supplementation of complementary foods were risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in children(P<0.05).Conclusion Iron deficiency anemia in children is influenced by various factors.It is necessary to take targeted measures from health education,nutrition intervention,prevention of common diseases and iron deficiency to further reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in children.