水下电弧锯切割质量影响因子的研究

Research on Cutting Quality Influencing Factors of Underwater Arc Saw Cutting

海洋、船舶、石油等领域有大量结构部件需在水下拆解。现有的水下切割方法存在效率低、结构复杂、工具或电极损耗大等局限,亟需探索新的切割方式。高速电弧放电加工具有加工效率高、电极损耗率低等优势,在难切削材料的加工中取得了良好效果。基于高速电弧放电加工原理,设计水下电弧锯切割实验装置,并对该装置极间流场进行仿真,得到不同主轴转速下极间流体流动情况。在此基础上,设计系列实验开展电流形式、主轴转速和电流值等因素对切割质量影响的研究。实验结果表明,采用高速电弧放电切割可实现工件的高效水下切割。此外,使用脉冲电流切割时的切缝质量优于直流,增大电流会改善出口处切缝宽度;主轴转速过低会影响极间排屑效果,加工中宜采用较高转速。

A large number of structural components need to be disassembled underwater in the fields of ocean,ship,oil and so on.The existing underwater cutting methods have some limitations,such as low material removal rate(MRR),complex structure of cutting device,large tool wear rate(TWR).It is urgent to explore new cutting methods.Blasting erosion are machining(BEAM)has the advantages of high MRR and TWR,and has achieved good results in the processing of difficult cutting materials.Based on the principle of BEAM,designsed an underwater are saw cutting experimental device,and simulated the inter electrode flow of the device under different spindle speeds.Based on the simulation results,a series of experiments were designed to study the influence of current form,current size and spindle speed on cutting quality.The experimental results show that the BEAM cutting can realize the efficient underwater cutting.In addition,when using pulse power supply,the cutting quality is better than that of DC,and increasing the current will improve the cutting width at the outlet.Too low spindle speed will affect the debris discharge effect between the electrodes,so higher rotation speed should be used in processing.