高超声速动力能热管理技术综述

Overview of Power and Thermal Management Technology for Hypersonic Engine

高超声速飞行器因良好的高速突防和快速打击能力成为重要的装备发展方向,但高超声速飞行工况的特殊性使其动力系统对热管理和能源供给提出了严苛的需求。通过分析文献对高超声速动力的热防护、燃油热管理和进气预冷等技术进行了详细评述。热管理对高超声速动力装置的功能和性能实现具有重要影响,但其目前在该领域研究技术的成熟度较低,飞发一体化是解决问题的重要技术途径之一。通过文献综述对能源供给的生成及利用等技术与传统飞行器进行了对比,概述了现有高超声速动力主要的能源供给方式的关键技术为燃油裂解气涡轮等,在此基础上总结了能热(能源与热)管理的未来发展趋势为热电转换等,为高超声速动力能量综合能热管理技术的发展提供借鉴。

Hypersonic aircraft represents a crucial focus in equipment development,owing to their exceptional high-speed penetra⁃tion and swift strike capabilities.However,stringent requirements for thermal management and power supply are imposed by hypersonic flight conditions.A comprehensive review of technologies concerning thermal protection,fuel thermal management and inlet air precooling is conducted.Thermal management significantly impacts the performance and function of hypersonic engines,but its current technical maturity level in this field is relatively low.The integration of airframe and engine is identified as one of the important approaches for addressing these challenges.A literature review was conducted to compare the generation and utilization technologies of power supply with traditional aircraft.Key technologies of primary power supply methods in existing hypersonic engines are outlined,including the fuel vapor turbine.The future developmental trends in power and thermal management are summarized,such as thermoelectric conversion,providing a reference for the development of integrated power and thermal management technologies for hypersonic engines.