农业农村数字技术应用的国际镜鉴及践行指向

International Experience and Enlightenment of Digital Technology Application in Agriculture and Rural Areas

当前中国正处在数字乡村与智慧农业发展的重要契机,为探寻农业农村数字化发展路径,本文选取数字化成效明显但路径不同的欧盟、美国、日本为典型案例,重点阐述其数字乡村与智慧农业发展模式、应用策略及其运行情况。研究发现,欧盟兼顾成员国差异性和数字市场统一性、实施多元协同路径,美国整合技术研发、人才培育、电子商务构建精准导向的数字链条矩阵,日本则把数字化建设重心放在应对老龄化和提升农业竞争力的智慧技术研发与应用方面。同时,各国家和地区在完善顶层政策设计、支持技术精准研发、鼓励部门参与合作等方面的经验积累值得借鉴。本文基于经验分析和中国现状提出重点关注数据基础、数据分析和数据管理三个领域的建设。

China is in an important opportunity for the development of digital countryside and smart agriculture.In order to explore the development path of digitalization in agriculture and rural areas in China,this paper selects the European Union,the United States and Japan,which have obvious digitalization results but different paths,as typical cases,and focuses on the development model,application strategy and operation of digital countryside and smart agriculture.It is found that the EU takes into account the differences of member states and the unity of the digital market to implement a diversified collaborative path,the United States integrates technology research and development,talent cultivation,e-commerce to build a precision oriented digital chain matrix,and Japan focuses on digital construction to deal with aging and improve agricultural competitiveness of smart technology research and development and application.At the same time,the experien-ce accumulated by countries and areas in improving top-level policy design,supporting precise technology research and development,and encouraging departments to participate in cooperation is worth learning.Based on the analysis of experience and the current situation of China,this paper puts forward three areas of focus on the construction of data foundation,data analysis and data management.