热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务价值核算方法综述

Review of value accounting methods for water ecosystem services in tropical rainforest national parks

热带雨林类国家公园的“水库”价值对国家具有重要战略意义。但由于热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务受益主体复杂、生态效益与核算边界多元,其价值核算方法仍存在诸多挑战,使得建立在其准确计量基础上的热带雨林类国家公园保护与修复难以有效开展,阻碍了国家公园水生态产品价值实现及国家生态文明试验区建设进程。基于此,首先厘清现有研究中热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务的多元受益主体、多尺度生态效益、多边界评估框架,综述现有研究中热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务价值核算方法,并总结其优势与挑战,进一步结合热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务形成机制指出其对核算研究的启示。可为后续热带雨林类国家公园水生态系统服务价值核算、水生态系统管理与保护等提供理论与方法支撑。

In general,the value of the“reservoir”of tropical rainforest national park(hereinafter referred to as TRNP)possesses strategic significance for a country.Nevertheless,owing to the fact that TRNP is characterized by complex beneficiaries,multiple ecological benefits and accounting boundaries of water ecosystem services,still exists a multitude of challenges for its accounting methods,which not only results in great difficulty in conducting the conservation and restoration of TRNP based upon an accurate accounting,but also holds back the achievement of the water ecological product value of TRNPs and the process of constructing national ecological civilization pilot zone.Under such circumstances,this study first clarified the multi-beneficiaries,multi-scale ecological benefits,and multi-boundaries assessment framework of water ecosystem services of TRNP,reviewed the accounting methods of water ecosystem services of TRNP and subsequently summarized their advantages and challenges,and further combined the formation mechanisms of water ecosystem services of TRNP to put forth instructive implications for accounting studies.Altogether,this paper is expected to provide theoretical and methodological support for the accounting of water ecosystem services and the management and conservation of water ecosystems of TRNP.