电子束选区熔化精密落粉铺粉系统的研究

Development of Precise Powder Providing System and Powder Spreading System in Electron Beam Selective Melting

电子束选区熔化(Electron Beam Selective Melting,EBSM)是一种以高能量密度电子束作为加工热源,对金属粉末材料进行选择性熔化成形的先进增材制造技术,可实现复杂异形零件和复杂内流道结构零件的快速成形制造,在生物医疗和航空航天等领域有着广泛的应用前景。针对该技术工艺过程中落粉和铺粉两个关键步骤,设计了一套精密落粉铺粉系统,包括精密落粉系统、柔性铺粉系统等,并开展应用验证,结果表明:该系统在电子束选区熔化过程中具备可控精密落粉能力,落粉最小分辨率为5 g,落粉形态呈长条状,可覆盖最大打印范围;具有柔性铺粉能力,可避开成形区域附着的飞溅熔滴,提高铺粉精度。

Electron beam selective melting is an advanced additive manufacturing technology that uses high energy density electron beam as processing heat source to selectively melt and form metal powder materials,It can realize the rapid prototyping manufacturing of complex special-shaped parts and complex inner runner structure parts.It has broad application prospects in the fields of biomedicine and aerospace.Aiming at the two key steps of powder providing and powder spreading in the technological process,a set of precise powder providing and powder spreading system is designed,including precise powder providing system,powder spreading system,etc.,and carrying out application verification.The results show that the system has the ability of controllable and precise powder providing in the process of electron beam selective melting,and the minimum resolution of powder provide is 5 g,the form of falling powder is long strip,which can cover the maximum printing range.The flexible powder spreading ability can avoid splashing droplets attached to the forming area and improve the powder spreading accuracy.