“三权分置”视野下农村妇女宅基地权益的法律保护问题

Study on the Legal Protection of Rural Women’s Homestead Rights and Interests from the Perspective of“Separation of Three Rights”

在传统以男性为户主的村规民约下,农村妇女并没有成为户主、参与宅基地权益分配的权利。从“娘家”嫁入“婆家”,“娘家”宅基地土地权益丧失,“婆家”宅基地土地权益无法取得,生存权、发展权面临严峻挑战。文章在宅基地“三权分置”法律政策内涵解读与内在运行机理剖析下,从依法保障农村妇女宅基地分配请求权、参与宅基地流转收益分配权等方面设计出农村妇女宅基地土地权益保护机制,厘定“户”的关系,寻找一户多宅的宅基地流转办法,盘活宅基地使用权益。

Under the traditional male-headed village rules,rural women do not have the right to become the head of the household and participate in the distribution of homestead rights and interests.Moving from the“mother’s family”to the“husband’s family”,women have lost the“mother’s family”homestead land rights and interests,meanwhile,the“husband’s family”homestead land rights and interests cannot be obtained,and the right to survive and develop are facing severe challenges.Based on the interpretation of the legal policy connotation and the analysis of the internal operation mechanism of the“separation of three rights”of homestead,this paper shows the protection mechanism of rural women’s homestead land rights from the aspects of protecting rural women’s homestead allocation claim right according to law and participating in the homestead transfer income distribution right,defines the relationship of“households”,looks for the way of homestead transfer for one household and revitalizes the homestead use rights and interests.