“同”“异”与共:日本异文化间教育的历史演进与现代特征

Shared,Different,and Coexisting:The Historical Evolution and Contemporary Features of Intercultural Education in Japan

基于人类文化的差异性而形成的文化多元性一直是日本较为关注的教育问题。聚焦基于历史原因形成的具有不同国家、民族、阶层和地区背景的儿童与青少年的教育,日本异文化间教育经历了“初具雏形”“规模化与体系化”以及“多元文化共生与扩散”三个不同阶段。进入21世纪后,异文化间教育开始着重强调与国际理解教育的区别,研究范围从身心成长扩大到文化交流,并探讨了在新冠疫情后“移动”现象的重要性,确立了异文化间教育的独特价值,形成了较为完整的现代异文化间教育体系。

Cultural diversity based on the differences of human cultures has always been a matter of concern in education in Japan.Japanese cross-cultural education,shaped by historical and societal factors,has addressed various issues,focusing on children and adolescents from with,ethnic,class,and regional backgrounds in different countries,and has undergone three distinct stages:the“nascent stage,”“scaling and systematization,”and“multicultural coexistence and diffusion.”After entering the 21st century,cross-cultural education in Japan has shifted its emphasis to difference from international understanding education.It now focuses on an expanded scope of research,encompassing not only physical and mental development but also cultural exchanges,has been explored the importance of the“mobile”phenomenon,particularly in the post-COVID-19 era,and thus established the unique value of cross-cultural education and led to the formulation of a comprehensive modern cross-cultural education system.