宁夏贺兰山东麓产区‘马瑟兰’葡萄不同采收期典型挥发性香气物质含量研究

Study on the Contents of Typical Volatile Aroma Substances in‘Marselan’Grape at Different Harvesting Periods in the East Foot of Helan Mountain,Ningxia

目的:研究宁夏贺兰山东麓产区马瑟兰葡萄果实中挥发性香气物质含量与采收期的关系。方法:通过国标方法检测马瑟兰葡萄在不同采收期的还原糖含量、糖酸比、单宁含量。结果:马瑟兰葡萄的最适采收期为花后第14周,此时还原糖含量为251.236 g·L^(-1)、糖酸比为40.060、单宁含量为1.44 mg·L^(-1)。β-大马士革酮含量在花后第15周进入快速增长期,第17周达到15.858μg·L^(-1);2-己烯醛含量在花后第13周进入快速增长期,第17周达到315.731μg·L^(-1)。结论:马瑟兰葡萄的理论最佳采收期为9月13—28日,但香气物质发育峰值与最佳采收期并不重合,需要在成熟度指标和香气物质含量间进行平衡,可采用分批采收配伍酿造的方法提高马瑟兰干红葡萄酒的品质。

Objective:To study the relationship between the content of volatile aroma substances and the harvest period of Marselan grape fruit in the eastern foot of Helan mountain in Ningxia.Method:The reducing sugar content,sugar-acid ratio and tannin content of Marselan grapes in different harvest periods were detected by national standard method.Result:The optimum harvest time of Marselan grape was the 14 th week after flowering.At this time,the reducing sugar content was 251.236 g·L^(-1),the sugar-acid ratio was 40.060,and the tannin content was 1.44 mg·L^(-1).The content ofβ-damascenone entered a rapid growth period at the 15 th week after flowering,and reached 15.858μg·L^(-1) at the 17 th week.The content of 2-hexenal entered a rapid growth period at the 13 th week after flowering,and reached 315.731μg·L^(-1) at the 17 th week.Conclusion:The theoretical optimal harvest period of Marselan grapes is from September 13 to September 28,but the peak value of aroma substance development does not coincide with the optimal harvest period.It is necessary to balance the maturity index and aroma substance content.The quality of Marselan dry red wine can be improved by batch harvesting and brewing.