经脂多糖和低氧预处理来源的外泌体在组织修复再生中的作用研究进展

Research progress on the role of exosomes derived from lipopolysaccharides and hypoxic preconditioning in the repair and regeneration of tissues

作为促进组织再生的有效工具,外泌体具有免疫原性低、功能性质稳定、无细胞毒性等特点,在组织修复再生领域具有广阔前景。随着预处理方式的兴起,与单纯培养来源的外泌体不同,经预处理来源的外泌体具有增强的生物学特性,且不同预处理方式来源的外泌体可能具有不同的生物学功能。目前的预处理方式以脂多糖和低氧预处理多见,两种方式均可产生优质的外泌体。本文通过描述外泌体在组织修复再生中的作用,引入脂多糖和低氧预处理方式对外泌体的功能优势影响,重点阐述两种预处理来源的外泌体在组织修复再生中的作用潜力,探讨其在血管再生、骨再生、软骨再生、神经保护以及口腔组织再生领域的影响,为优化组织再生提供新的思路。

Exosomes are characterized by low immunogenicity,stable functional properties,and non-cytotoxicity and are effective for the promotion of tissue regeneration.The use of exosomes opens up a wide range of prospects in the field of tissue repair and regeneration.Exosomes from pre-treated sources possess enhanced biological properties compared with exosomes from culture alone.Exosomes from different pretreatment methods may have different biological functions.Various pretreatment methods,including pretreatment with lipopolysaccharides and hypoxia,can produce high-quality exosomes.However,few studies have investigated on the application of exosomes derived from these pretreatment methods in the field of tissue repair and regeneration.This article describes the role of exosomes in tissue repair and regeneration,introduces the functional advantages of exosomes derived from lipopolysaccharide and hypoxic preconditioning,and focuses on the potential of such exosomes in tissue repair and regeneration.The effects of exosomes on angiogenesis,bone regeneration,cartilage regeneration,neuroprotection,and oral tissue regeneration are discussed.This work provides new ideas for optimizing tissue regeneration.