同源盒基因调控先天缺牙的研究进展

Recent advances in regulation of congenitally absent teeth by homeobox genes

同源盒基因是一个进化上高度保守的含有同源结构域的转录因子,其编码的转录调节因子在器官发生上起着重要的调控作用。该家族中的多个亚家族不仅参与了牙胚的分化过程,而且常由于其异常的表达导致先天缺牙的发生。随着分子遗传学、基因工程和人类基因组计划在先天缺牙疾病上的不断深入探索,同源盒基因突变类型及表达模式的研究正成为先天缺牙疾病的主要研究方向。本文通过对近年来文献回顾,对同源盒基因的研究进展、与先天缺牙相关同源盒基因的表达模式和分子机制以及同源盒基因在先天缺牙临床诊疗中的应用前景进行综述。

The homeobox gene is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor containing homologous domain,and its encoded transcription regulatory factor plays an important role in organogenesis.Several subfamilies of the homeobox gene family are involved in the development of the maxillofacial region in vertebrates,and their abnormal expression is closely related to the occurrence of congenitally missing teeth.With the development of molecular genetics,genetic engineering,and human genome project,the study of newly discovered homeobox genes,mutation types,and expression patterns is becoming the main research direction of congenitally missing teeth diseases.This study reviews the literature on the latest research progress of homeobox genes in recent years,the expression patterns and molecular mechanisms of homeobox genes related to congenitally missing teeth,and the application prospect of homologous box gene in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of congenital missing teeth.