氨燃料在航运业的应用前景分析

Analysis of the Application Prospects of Ammonia Fuel in the Maritime Industry

在IMO制定船舶温室气体减排战略和国内提出碳减排、碳达峰目标的政策背景下,航运业的绿色低碳转型刻不容缓。氨燃料作为传统化石燃料的理想替代品,为解决航运业温室气体排放提供了新的燃料选择。氨燃料具有生产成本低廉、产量充足、易于液化存储和燃烧不产生CO_(2)和SO_(x)等优点,是一种具有广阔应用前景的清洁燃料。氨既可以替代船用柴油直接作为船舶双燃料发动机的燃料使用,也可以作为氨燃料电池的原料为船舶提供电力。本文主要介绍了氨的特性和作为船舶燃料应用的优劣势、合成氨的生产现状、氨燃料动力船舶和氨推进系统的发展现状和研究进展,为氨燃料在航运业的推广应用提供参考。

In the context of IMO formulating a ship greenhouse gas emission reduction strategy and domestic policies proposing carbon emission reduction and carbon peaking targets,the green and low-carbon development of the maritime industry is urgent.As an ideal substitute for traditional fossil fuels,ammonia provides a new fuel option to solve the problems of greenhouse gas emissions in the maritime industry.Ammonia fuel has the advantages of low production cost,sufficient output,easy liquefaction storage and combustion without producing CO_(2) and SO_(x),etc.It is a clean fuel with broad application prospects.Ammonia can either replace marine diesel and be directly used as fuel for ship dual-fuel engines,or it can be used as a raw material for ammonia fuel cells to provide power for ships.This article mainly introduces the characteristics of ammonia and its advantages and disadvantages as a ship fuel,the production status of synthetic ammonia,the development status and research progress of ammonia fuel-powered ships and ammonia propulsion systems,and provides a reference for the promotion and application of ammonia fuel in the maritime industry.