试论现象学与当代心灵哲学的融合

On the Integration of Phenomenology and the Contemporary Philosophy of Mind

现象学与心灵哲学的融合,不仅体现在对共同问题的关注,也体现为不同思想传统对核心概念的重新解读。当代心灵哲学对“现象学”概念的理解呈现出三个特点:一是从对胡塞尔“现象学”演变分析着手,侧重于对意识的经验维度的分析,并引入第一人称和意向性概念;二是在分析经验的主观特性时,对“现象学”概念的内涵和外延予以修正,使之区别于相关概念;三是以经验维度的分析为依据,分别从意识和意向性出发,拓展出现象意识和现象意向性。这三个特点通过展现“现象学”概念的引入、修正和拓展,集中反映了当代心灵哲学与现象学融合的认知取向。

The integration of phenomenology and philosophy of mind is reflected not only in the concern for common problems,but also in the reinterpretation of core concepts by different ideological traditions.The contemporary philosophy of mind also presents three features.First,it starts from the evolution of Husserl's“phenomenology”,focusing on Husserl's analysis of the empirical dimension of consciousness,and introducing the first person and intentionality.Second,when analyzing the subjective features of experience,the connotation and extension of the concept of phenomenology are modified in order to make it different from relevant concepts.Third,based on the analysis of the empirical dimension,we expand the phenomenal consciousness and phenomenal intentionality from the perspectives of consciousness and intentionality respectively.These three features reflect the integrative orientation of contemporary philosophy of mind and phenomenology through the introduction,revision and expansion of the concept of phenomenology.