“培土制水”治法的历史源流及其发展初探

Historical Origin and Development of Treatment Method of"Cultivating Earth to Restrict Water"

“培土制水”渊源于“五行学说”,是对五行制化理论的具体应用,经过历代医家不断发展与完善,已经成为中医治疗疑难杂病的基本治法之一。文章通过文献研究探讨“培土制水”法理论源流以及临床应用,总结认为“培土制水”法首倡于《黄帝内经》,首次应用于《伤寒杂病论》,在北宋时期方书《圣济总录》首次提出,经过宋金元时期的发展,在明清时期逐渐完善,现代医家广泛应用于内伤杂病;“培土制水”理论不仅指狭义的健脾制水,还应包括“宽脾利水”“温阳利水”“摄纳肾气”等。“培土制水”的实际含义是通过调理脾土等脏腑机能,使水液代谢以及肾脏功能恢复正常,拓展了临床治疗的实践思路。

"Cultivating earth to restrict water"originates from the"five elements theory",which is the specific application of the five elements system theory.After the continuous development and improvement of doctors over the ages,it has become one of the basic treatments for difficult and miscellaneous diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.Through literature research,this pa-per discussed the theoretical origin and clinical application of the method of"cultivating earth to restrict water".It is concluded that the method of"cultivating earth to restrict water"was first advocated in Huangdi Neijing and first applied in Shanghan Zabing Lun.It was first proposed in the Northern Song Dynasty's prescription Shengji Zonglu.After the development of the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,it was gradually improved in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and modern doctors were widely used in inter-nal injuries and miscellaneous diseases.The theory of"cultivating earth to restrict water"not only refers to strengthening spleen and making water in a narrow sense,but also includes"broadening spleen to induce diuresis","warming Yang to induce diure-sis","receiving kidney Qi",etc.The actual meaning of"cultivating earth to restrict water"is to normalize the metabolism of wa-ter and fluid and the function of kidney by regulating the functions of Zang-Fu organs such as spleen and earth,which expands the practical idea of clinical treatment.