外商直接投资进入与产业链国内循环:理论逻辑与经验证据

FDI Inflow and Industrial Chain's Domestic Circulation: Theory and Empirical Evidence

鉴于产业链在国内的延伸性和关联性是实现国内大循环的重要基础,本文以省份—行业双重维度的产业链前向长度、后向长度表征产业链国内循环发展水平,并对外商直接投资进入如何影响产业链国内循环进行理论剖析和实证检验。研究结果表明:外商直接投资进入通过提升流入地企业间的分工协作能力和降低外部交易成本而驱动产业链循环发展;当外商直接投资进入中间品供给行业时,其主要推动产业链前向循环,而当其进入中间品需求行业时,则对产业链后向循环的影响更大;外商直接投资进入主要对吸收和转化能力强、知识产权保护程度高、市场潜力大的地区以及高技术和竞争性行业有显著的产业链循环促进效应;除外商直接投资规模外,外商直接投资质量提升在驱动产业链国内循环中也发挥了重要作用。本研究从引资视角为构筑双循环的产业链纽带提供了理论与实践支撑,也验证了对内对外开放对促进国内大循环的基础性作用。

The extension and correlation of the industrial chain in China are important foundations for achieving the domestic circulation. This paper adopts a dual-dimensional approach, considering both provincial and industrial perspectives, to delineate the development of industrial chain's domestic circulation by the forward and backward lengths of the industrial chain, and conducts a theoretical analysis and empirical testing to elucidate the influence of FDI on the industrial chain's domestic circulation. The findings reveal that FDI can stimulate the regional industrial chain's circulation by enhancing collaborative capabilities among enterprises and mitigating external transaction costs in the influx region. When FDI infiltrates the intermediate goods supply industries, it primarily propels the forward cycle of the industrial chain;while it entries into the intermediate goods demand industries, it exerts a pronounced impact on the backward cycle. Additionally, FDI demonstrates a noteworthy promotional effect on industrial chain circulation, particularly in regions characterized by robust absorption and transformation capacities, stringent intellectual property protection, substantial market potential, and in industries characterized by high-tech and competitive. Moreover, the enhancement of FDI quality significantly contributes to propelling the industrial chain's domestic circulation. This research not only offers theoretical and practical backing for establishing a dual-cycle industrial chain linkage through FDI attraction but also validates the fundamental role of external openness in fostering a robust domestic circulation.