基于CDs的荧光探针在酒类等发酵食品检测中的研究进展及趋势

Research Progress and Trends of CDs-Based Fluorescent Probes in theDetection of Fermented Foods Such as Alcoholic Beverages

发酵食品是人类食物链中不可或缺的一部分,由于复杂的原料、工艺以及菌株发酵等因素,使得其风味成分快速直观分析以及有害物质测定、假冒伪劣甄别存在一定的局限性。碳点(CDs)是一类荧光纳米材料,拥有良好的荧光特性、优异的生物相容性、生产简便以及可修饰等特点。CDs荧光探针在食品风味检测、食品中安全指标测定以及食品真伪鉴别等方面展示出巨大的应用潜力。与大型检测仪器相比,CDs荧光探针对发酵食品的检测具有简便、灵敏度高、响应迅速等优点,其可调荧光特性以及稳定的荧光信号输出,可以对发酵食品中关键物质信息进行快速提取和转换,结合化学计量法就能实现对发酵食品的快速原位检测以及真伪鉴别。在此,对CDs的制备、光学性质、形成机制做了简要概述,并重点对CDs荧光探针在酒类发酵食品的风味成分分析、有害物质检测,以及非酒类发酵食品有害物质检测等领域进行了综述。总结了CDs荧光探针在发酵食品检测中面临的挑战并进行了展望,进一步拓展CDs荧光探针在发酵食品中的检测应用,以期为CDs荧光探针在发酵食品检测领域的开发和应用提供参考。

Fermented food is an indispensable part of the human food chain.Due to complex raw materials,processes and strain fermentation,there are certain limitations in its rapid and intuitive analysis of flavor components,determination of harmful substances,and identification of counterfeit and inferior products.Carbon dots(CDs)are a fluorescent nanomaterial with good fluorescence characteristics,excellent biocompatibility,simple production and modifiability.As a type of detector,CDs fluorescent probes have shown great potential in food ingredient analysis,food safety detection,and food authenticity identification.Compared with large-scale detection instruments,CDs fluorescent probes have the advantages of simplicity,high sensitivity,and rapid response in the detection of fermented food.Their adjustable fluorescence characteristics and stable fluorescence signal output enable rapid extraction and conversion of key substance information in fermented food.Combined with chemical stoichiometry,they can achieve rapid in situ detection and authenticity identification of fermented food.Here,a brief overview is provided on the preparation,optical properties,and formation mechanism of CDs,with a focus on the application of CDs fluorescent probes in the analysis of flavor components,detection of harmful substances in alcoholic fermented foods,and detection of harmful substances in non-alcoholic fermented foods.Summarized the challenges faced by CDs fluorescent probes in the detection of fermented food and made prospects,further expanding the application of CDs fluorescent probes in the detection of fermented food,in order to provide a reference for the development and application of CDs fluorescent probes in the field of fermented food detection.