神经元胞体钙成像数据处理方法研究进展

Research progress in data processing methods of neuronal soma calcium imaging

在神经科学研究领域对神经元中钙信号的活动进行记录和分析非常重要。过去30年间,多种荧光钙成像技术已被广泛用于神经元群落的功能活动成像研究中,并可结合特异性标记物用于记录特定类型的神经元群落功能活动。为实现在细胞水平上进行神经活动分析的目标,需要对采集到的视频进行运动校正、胞体识别、钙信号提取、尖峰反卷积等一系列预处理。然而目前人工预处理耗时费力,亟需计算机自动化分析技术辅助,通过计算机技术快速修复视频中的抖动,识别单个细胞的位置和轮廓,以及提取其活动轨迹、推断动作电位尖峰。该文对近年出现的钙成像数据处理方式进行总结归纳,并对未来发展进行展望。

The recording and analysis of activities of calcium signals in neurons is of critical importance in the field of neuroscience.Over the past three decades,various fluorescent calcium imaging techniques not only have been used in the imaging study of functional activities of neuronal communities,but also can be combined with specific markers to record the functional activities of specific types of neuronal communities.To analyze neural activities at the cellular level,a series of preprocessing such as motion correction,cell body recognition,calcium signal extraction and peak deconvolution is required for the collected video.However,current methods for manual preprocessing are time⁃consuming and laborious,so computer automatic analysis technology is urgently needed to quickly repair the jitter in the video,identify the position and outline of a single cell,extract its activity trajectory and infer the action potential peak.In this paper,the methods of calcium imaging data processing used in recent years are summarized,and the future developments are predicted.