论孔子律法——以《孝经》五刑章为中心的讨论

The Law Thoughts of Confucius—Focusing on the Chapter Five Punishment of the Classic of Filial Piety

通过对《孝经》五刑章的详细分析,我们可以清晰地呈现孔子的律法思想,主要有以下三个要点:首先,刑法的目的是为了激发人们的迁善之心;其次,孝是一条根本性的律法,是规范社会秩序其他法律的基础,是诸法律的律法;再次,由“祖述尧舜,宪章文武”而来的孔子律法,可概括为“四尊五勿”:尊天,尊亲,尊圣,尊君;勿杀人,勿奸淫,勿侵犯他人领地,勿抢劫伤人,勿偷盗。

Through the detailed analysis of the Five Punishment chapters of the Classic of Filial Piety,we can clearly present Confucius’law thoughts,which mainly have the following three points:First of all,the purpose of criminal law is to stimulate people’s desire to do good.Secondly,filial piety is a fundamental law,it is the basis of other laws regulating social order,and it is the law of all laws.Thirdly,“the ancestors of Yao and Shun,the charter of civil and military”from the Confucius law,can be summarized as“four respect and five not”:respect for heaven,respect for relatives,respect for the holy,respect for the king,do not kill,do not commit adultery,do not invade the territory of others,do not rob and injure,do not steal.