间接电弧焊技术的热量传输机制及研究现状

Heat Transfer Mechanism and Research Statusof Indirect Arc Welding Technology

传统电弧焊技术焊接效率的提升伴随着焊接热输入的增加,不利于焊接质量的提升。间接电弧焊技术通过母材不接电极,实现了焊接效率与热输入解耦的效果,具有降低母材热输入的同时提高焊接效率的独特优势。本文对间接电弧焊与传统电弧焊的热量传输机制差异进行分析,并综述了现阶段间接电弧焊技术的研究现状。藉此指出,未来主要研究朝以下三个方向发展:一是研究多热源复合工艺;二是结合有限元建模技术研究熔滴行为特性及熔池热-力机制,促进空间多位置焊接适用性;三是研究异种焊丝的共同熔敷机理。

In traditional arc welding technology,the improvement of welding efficiency is accompanied by the increase of heat input,which is not conducive to the improvement of welding quality.Indirect arc welding technology realizes the decoupling effect of welding efficiency and heat input through disconnecting the electrode with the base metal,and it has unique advantage of improving welding efficiency and reducing the heat input of the base metal.The difference of heat and mass transfer mechanism between indirect arc welding and traditional arc welding was analyzed,and the current research status of indirect arc welding technology was summarized.It is pointed out that the main research in the future will be in the following three directions:one is to study the multi-heat source compound process;the other is to study the behavior of molten droplet and the heat-force mechanism of the molten pool by finite element modeling technology to promote the applicability of spatial multi-position welding;the third is to study the common deposition mechanism of dissimilar welding wires.