我国普惠性学前教育发展模式政策选择的研判研究

On the Policy Choice for the Development Model of Chinese Inclusive Preschool Education

基于政府在普惠性学前教育发展资源配置中的作用状况,普惠性学前教育发展模式可分为政府主导型、准政府主导型、市场主导型。我国应选择政府主导型普惠性学前教育发展模式。其时代背景在于我国已处于接近高收入国家的门槛、迈向共同富裕的新阶段,但是发展不平衡突出,中低收入家庭难以分担过高的学前教育成本;其理论基础在于习近平以人民为中心的发展思想、公共产品理论、教育公平理论等;其国际经验在于绝大多数国家和地区的政府日益重视在普惠性学前教育发展资源配置中发挥主导作用。政府主导型普惠性学前教育模式的实践路径在于,政府主导学前教育政策的主体、对象、资源和运行机制。明确政府主导型的政策选择并予以实施,将会对我国普惠性学前教育发展等方面产生积极而深远的影响。

From the perspective of governments’role in allocating development resources of inclusive preschool education,the development models of inclusive preschool education can be divided into government-leading,quasi-government-leading and market-leading.China should choose the government-leading development model.The background is that China is in the new stage of approaching the threshold of high income countries and moving towards common prosperity,but the unbalanced development is evident and low-and-middle income families are not able to share too high cost of preschool education;the theoretical basis consists of Xi Jinping’s people-centered development thought,the public goods theory,the education equity theory and so on;its international experience is that the governments of most countries and regions increasingly place emphasis on a leading role in the resource allocation of the development of inclusive preschool education.Its practical road is that governments lead the subject,object,resources and operation mechanism of the preschool education policy.Clarifying the policy choice of the government-leading development model and implement the policy will generate positive and far-reaching effect on the development of inclusive preschool education in China.