大豆活性肽对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Soybean Bioactive Peptide on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality,Immune Function and Antioxidant Capacity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

本文旨在研究大豆活性肽对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。选用1日龄健康大恒黄羽肉鸡公鸡800只,随机分成5组,每组10个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组饲喂基础饲粮+0.2 g/kg恩拉霉素,试验组分别饲喂以0.2%、0.4%、0.6%的大豆活性肽替代基础饲粮中豆粕的试验饲粮。试验期70 d。结果表明:1)抗生素组和0.2%大豆活性肽组的末重、平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间平均日采食量无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)各组之间屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)各组之间血常规指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)0.2%大豆活性肽组的胸肌45 min肉色显著高于对照组、抗生素组和0.4%大豆活性肽组(P<0.05)。各组之间胸肌45 min和24 h pH、24 h肉色、滴水损失、蒸煮损失以及肌纤维直径、横截面积和密度无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)抗生素组和0.2%、0.4%、0.6%大豆活性肽组的血清溶菌酶含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。0.2%大豆活性肽组的血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。6)各组之间脾脏指数和法氏囊指数无显著差异(P>0.05)。7)抗生素组和0.2%大豆活性肽组的血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加0.2%大豆活性肽可提高黄羽肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能,改善肉品质和增强机体抗氧化能力,且具有替代抗生素的作用。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of soybean bioactive peptide on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,immune function and antioxidant capacity of yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 800 healthy one-day-old Dahen yellow-feathered male broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 replicates per group and 16 broilers per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,the antibiotic group was fed the basal diet 0.2g/kg enramycin,and the experimental groups were fed the experimental diets which used 0.2%,0.4% and 0.6% soybean bioactive peptide instead of soybean meal in the basal diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 70 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight and average body weight of antibiotic group and 0.2%soybean bioactive peptide group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake among all groups(P>0.05).2)There were no significant differences in slaughter rate,half-eviscerated rate,eviscerated rate,breast muscle rate,leg muscle rate,abdominal fat rate among all groups(P>0.05).3)There were no significant differences in blood routine indices among all groups(P>0.05).4)The breast muscle 45 min meat color of 0.2% soybean bioactive peptide group was significantly higher than that of control group,antibiotic group and 0.4% soybean bioactive peptide group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in breast muscle 45 min and 24 h pH,24 h meat color,drip loss,cooking loss and muscle fiber diameter,cross-sectional area and density among all groups(P>0.05).5)The serum lysozyme content of antibiotic group and 0.2%,0.4% and 0.6% soybean bioactive peptide groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in serum of 0.2% soybean bioactive peptide group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the contents of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin A(IgA)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)in serum was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).6)There were no significant differences in spleen index and bursa of Fabricius index among all groups(P>0.05).7)The serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of antibiotic group and 0.2%soybean bioactive peptide was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in serum among all groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,dietary adding 0.2%soybean bioactive peptide can improve the growth performance and immune function,improve the meat quality and enhance antioxidant capacity of yellow-feathered broilers,and can replace the effect of antibiotics.