低能饲粮中添加乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、器官发育、胰腺消化酶活性和盲肠微生物区系的影响

Effects of Low Energy Diet Supplemented with Emulsifier on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Organ Development,Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme Activities and Cecal Microflora of Broilers

本试验旨在探究低能饲粮中添加乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、器官发育、胰腺消化酶活性和盲肠微生物区系的影响。选取180只21日龄体重相近的雄性爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,低能组饲喂低能饲粮(基础饲粮基础上降低0.17 MJ/kg代谢能),乳化剂组在低能饲粮中添加350 mg/kg乳化剂(主要成分为聚乙二醇甘油蓖麻酸酯)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,低能组的肉鸡21~28日龄平均体增重显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低能组的血清尿素氮(UN)含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清球蛋白(GLB)含量显著升高(P<0.05);乳化剂组的血清总蛋白(TP)和GLB含量显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,低能组和乳化剂组的腹脂指数显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,乳化剂组的胰腺中胰蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与低能组相比,乳化剂组的肝脏甘油三酯(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。6)与低能组相比,乳化剂组的盲肠菌群Shannon指数、Observed_features指数、Faith_pd指数和Chao1指数显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠绿弯菌门相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可见,低能饲粮中添加乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能存在一定的积极影响,可提高胰腺中胰蛋白酶活性,缓解肝脏脂肪沉积,提高盲肠菌群多样性和绿弯菌门相对丰度。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low energy diet supplemented with emulsifier on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,organ development,pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and cecal microflora of broilers.A total of 180 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,broilers in the low energy group were fed a low energy diet(reduce 0.17 MJ/kg metabolic energy based on basal feed),and broilers in the emulsifier group were fed the low energy diet supplemented with 350 mg/kg emulsifier(the main component was polyethylene glycol glycerol castor ester).The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed that:1)compared with the control group,the average body weight gain of broilers aged from 21 to 28 days of the low energy group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the serum urea nitrogen(UN)content of the low energy group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum globulin(GLB)content was significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum total protein(TP)and GLB contents of the emulsifier group were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the abdominal adipose index of low energy group and emulsifier group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the pancreatic trypsin activity of the emulsifier group was significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with the low energy group,the liver triglyceride(TG)content of the emulsifier group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).6)Compared with the low energy group,the cecal microbiota Shannon index,Observed_features index,Faith_pd index,and Chao1 index of the emulsifier group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the cecal Chloroflexi relative abundance was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,the low energy diet supplemented with emulsifier has a certain positive impact on the growth performance of broilers,can increase the pancreatic trypsin activity,alleviate liver fat deposition,improve the diversity of cecal microflora and the relative abundance of Chloroflexi.