人工智能助力教师专业发展:价值定位、现实制约与制度建设

Artificial Intelligence Assists Teachers' Professional Development: Value Positioning,Realistic Constraints and Institutional Construction

虽然世界各国已采取一系列措施以推动人工智能技术在教育领域的应用,但仍然缺少对人工智能助力教师专业发展的系统性思考。纵观科学技术在教育领域的应用历程,人工智能技术继承了电子技术、信息技术为教师提供工具、方法的优势,并在此基础上更深刻地撼动着教师的专业角色,对教师提出了提升人工智能素养、转变教学关系取向、实现虚实跨界融合、主导人机协同发展等新要求。当前,人工智能技术对于教师专业发展的价值定位是提供数据基础、保障过程监测、拓展研修场域和定制培训方案,其助力过程依然面临着教师层面技术应用能力不足、技术接受度不高以及学校层面区域资源配置失衡、受到学校教育制度限制、保障监管机制尚不完善等问题的现实制约。对此,应在人工智能技术的支持下建设“评价、培训、服务、教研、督导”系统化的教师专业发展制度,不断探索人工智能助力教师专业发展的有效路径。

Although countries around the world have taken a series of measures to promote the application of artificial intelligence technology in education, there is still a lack of systematic thinking on how artificial intelligence can assist teachers' professional development. Throughout the history of science and technology's application in the field of education, artificial intelligence technology has inherited the advantageous tools and methods of electronic technology and information technology for teachers, and on this basis, it has shaken the professional role of teachers more profoundly, and put forward new requirements for teachers to enhance their artificial intelligence literacy, transform the orientation of the relation between teaching and learning, realize cross-border integration of virtual and real, and lead the collaborative development of humans and machines. At present, the value positioning of artificial intelligence technology for teachers' professional development is to provide data foundation, ensure process monitoring, expand training fields, and customize training programmes. Its assistance process still faces the problem of insufficient technical application capabilities and low technology acceptance at the teacher level as well as the realistic constraints of regional imbalances in resource allocation at the school level, constraints imposed by the school education system, and imperfect security supervision mechanism. In this regard, a teacher's professional development system that integrates “evaluation, training, services, teaching and research,and supervision”should be systematically constructed with the support of artificial intelligence technology. Effective paths for artificial intelligence to assist teachers' professional development should be continuously explored.