我国营商环境治理中的政策工具选择策略——基于51份政策文本的内容分析

Strategies for Selecting Policy Tools in the Governance of China s Business Environment—Content Analysis Based on 51 Policy Texts

建设良好的营商环境需要相应的政策工具。分析我国营商环境治理的政策工具选择,既要把握现实的政策,又要具有理论思维。本文基于政策工具选择理论,建立政策工具组合分析框架,运用内容分析法,对2014—2022年我国国家层面营商环境治理的51份政策文本进行编码分析。可以发现:我国营商环境治理中的政策工具选择表现为资源供给、需求整合及环境法制三类。资源供给类政策工具以政务服务提升作为主要手段,带动技术、资金等资源的投入。需求整合类政策工具以满足市场主体需求为主,将企业发展与市场塑造进行耦合。环境法制类政策工具强调强制性手段的合理运用,通过法规制度来规范营商环境的发展。未来,我国营商环境治理还需要不断推进政策工具创新,不断完善政策工具的具体类型,注重政策工具的科学运用。

Building a good business environment needs to be supported by a corresponding policy tools.To analyze the choice of policy tools for the governance of China s business environment,it is necessary to grasp realistic policies as well as to have theoretical thinking.Based on the theory of policy tool selection,this paper establishes the policy tool portfolio analysis framework,and applies the content analysis method to code and analyze 51 policy texts on China s national-level business environment governance from 2014 to 2022.It can be found that:the policy tool selection in China s business environment governance is manifested in the three categories of resource supply,demand integration,and environmental legal system.The policy tools of resource supply take the improvement of government services as the main means,which leads to the input of technology,capital and other resources.Demand integration policy tools are mainly to meet the needs of market players,especially the development needs of enterprises,thus coupling enterprise development with market shaping.Environmental legal policy tools emphasize the rational use of coercive instruments,and regulate the development of business environment through the regulatory system.In the future,China s business environment governance also needs to continuously promote the innovation of policy tools,continuously improve the specific types of policy tools,and focus on the scientific application of policy tools.