同胞数量和结构对农村家庭彩礼支出的影响

The Effect of Sibling Size and Structure on Rural Families Bride Price Expenditure

本文使用2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据分析了同胞数量和结构对农村家庭彩礼支出的影响。研究发现,第一,兄弟姐妹数量对彩礼数额有显著的负面影响。计划生育政策执行以来,我国农村家庭生育数量下降对彩礼价格上涨起到了重要的推动作用。第二,农村男女有别和长幼有序的客观现实导致兄弟对彩礼的挤出效应比姐妹大,且年长兄弟姐妹对彩礼的负面影响大于年幼兄弟姐妹。第三,2000年以前,农村确实存在用女儿出嫁所得彩礼补贴儿子的现象,但这主要存在于经济状况较差的家庭;2000年以后,姐妹对彩礼数额的影响已由正转负,且即便在经济状况较差的农村家庭,姐妹也无法为男性获得高额彩礼带来任何帮助。这一发现表明,农村家庭的彩礼性质已从婚姻偿付转变为婚姻资助,新婚小家庭是彩礼的最大受益者。

This paper uses data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 to analyze the impact of sibling size and structure on rural families bride price expenditure.The results show that,first,sibling size has a significant negative impact on the amount of bride price,and the decline in the number of children of rural families since the implementation of the family planning policy has played an important role in promoting the rise of bride price.Second,due to the log-standing privilege of men over women and elders over youngsters in rural areas,the negative impact of brothers on bride price is greater than that of sisters,and the negative impact of older siblings is greater than that of younger siblings.Third,before 2000,there was indeed a phenomenon of subsidizing sons with the bride price obtained from daughters marriages in rural areas,but this mainly existed in poor families.After 2000,the influence of sisters on the amount of bride price has turned from positive to negative,and even in rural families with poor economic status,sisters do not help men obtain a high bride price.This finding indicates that the nature of bride price of rural families has changed from marriage payment to marriage endowment,and newlywed families are the biggest beneficiaries of the bride price.