生物炭和蚯蚓粪配施对草莓种苗生长和繁殖的影响

Effects of biochar and earthworm manure combined application on the growth and reproduction of strawberry seedlings

探究蚯蚓粪作为栽培基质以减少草炭使用的可行性,为高效利用蚯蚓粪和生物炭提供参考。本试验以草莓苗为主体材料,与设施立体无土栽培技术相结合,设置了5种不同基质配方,包括草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加(CK);蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加(Q_(1));草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加,在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭(Q_(2));蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加,在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭(Q_(3));草炭∶蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比1∶1∶1∶1添加,在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭(Q_(4)),分别测定各配方基质对草莓植株生长繁殖情况产生的影响。结果表明,在生物炭基质中添加适量的蚯蚓粪不影响草莓缓苗成活,可促进植株株高、茎粗、冠幅、叶长、叶宽和叶面积等的生长;蚯蚓粪可提高草莓叶片叶绿素含量,进而促进植株光合作用,有利于草莓苗繁殖。综合来看,草炭、蚯蚓类、蛭石和珍珠岩等体积配比,添加一定量的生物炭可作为草莓栽培基质推广应用。试验结果为蚯蚓粪替代草炭作为无土栽培复合基质的新原料提供参考。

Explored the feasibility of using earthworm manure as a cultivation substrate to reduce the use of peat,provided a reference for the efficient utilization of earthworm manure and biochar.This experiment used strawberry seedlings as the main material,combined with facility three-dimensional soilless cultivation technology,and set up five different substrate formulas,including peat:vermiculite:perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1(CK);earthworm manure:vermiculite:perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1(Q_(1));peat:vermiculite:perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1,and on this basis,10%of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1(Q_(2));earthworm manure:vermiculite:perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1,and on this basis,10%of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1(Q_(3));grass Charcoal:earthworm feces:vermiculite:perlite added in a volume ratio of 1∶1∶1,and on this basis,10%biochar(Q_(4))was added in a volume ratio,to determine the effects of each formula substrate on the growth and reproduction of strawberry plants.The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of earthworm manure to the biochar substrate did not affect the survival of strawberry seedlings,but could promote the growth of plant height,stem thickness,crown width,leaf length,leaf width,and leaf area;Earthworm manure could increase the chlorophyll content of strawberry leaves,thereby promoting plant photosynthesis and promoting the reproduction of strawberry seedlings.Overall,the volume ratio of peat,earthworm manure,vermiculite,and perlite,along with the addition of a certain amount of biochar,could be promoted and applied as a substrate for strawberry cultivation.The experimental results provided a reference for earthworm manure replacing peat as a new raw material for soilless cultivation composite substrate.