宿主上皮细胞非编码RNA调控隐孢子虫感染的分子机制研究进展

Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Cryptosporidium Infection Regulated byNoncoding RNA of Host Epithelial Cells

隐孢子虫是全球分布的重要人兽共患病原,其感染可导致人和动物严重腹泻甚至死亡,严重威胁人体健康及畜牧业发展。目前对隐孢子虫入侵机制、致病机理以及宿主防御隐孢子虫感染的调控机制知之甚少,是阻碍开发治疗性药物和疫苗的重要瓶颈之一。据研究报道,宿主上皮细胞非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)参与调控对抗隐孢子虫感染的诸多生物学过程,如调控细胞因子释放、TLR/NF-κB等信号通路、炎性反应等。论文综述了宿主上皮细胞微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)和环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)在防御隐孢子虫感染过程中的作用机制。

Cryptosporidium are important zoonotic pathogens distributed worldwide,and their infections can lead to severe diarrhea or even death in humans and animals,which seriously threatens human health and animal husbandry development.At present,little is known about the mechanism of Cryptosporidium invasion,pathogenesis,and the regulatory mechanism of host defense against Cryptosporidium infection,which is one of the important bottlenecks hindering the development of therapeutic drugs and vaccines.According to studies,host epithelial cell non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are involved in regulating many biological processes against Cryptosporidium infection,such as regulating cytokine release,TLR/NF-κB and other signaling pathways,inflammatory response,and apoptosis.This review focuses on the mechanisms of host epithelial cell microRNAs(miRNAs),long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),and circular RNAs(circRNAs)in defense against Cryptosporidium infection.