牛舍灯光不同光照参数对云南泌乳牛群产奶量的影响

Effect of Barn Light on Milk Yield in Yunnan Lactating Herds

本文旨在分析牛舍灯光的光照时间、色温及照度对云南高原地区泌乳牛群产奶量的影响,将50头处于3~4胎、第2~3泌乳月的荷斯坦牛平均分成10组,其中任选1组作为对照组,其余9组分别在光照时间为10h/d、15h/d与18h/d,灯光色温为3000k、4000k与5000k,灯光照度为100lx、150lx和200lx的光照参数下进行试验。结果表明:①在不考虑灯光色温和灯光照度因素影响时,光照时间为15h/d的试验奶牛泌乳量极显著高于10h/d与18h/d的(P<0.05);②在不考虑光照时间和灯光照度因素影响时,灯光色温3000k的试验奶牛泌乳量极显著高于灯光色温4000k与灯光色温5000k的(P<0.05);③在不考虑光照时间和灯光色温因素影响时,灯光照度200lx的试验奶牛泌乳量极显著高于150lx与100lx的(P<0.05);在同时考虑光照时间、灯光色温和灯光照度因素组合影响时,试验奶牛在光照时间为15h/d、灯光色温为3000k与灯光照度为200lx的光照方式下,奶牛的产奶量显著高于其他灯光组合方式(P<0.05)。综合分析表明,在光照时间为15h/d、色温为3000k与照度为200lx的灯光方式下试验奶牛的产奶量较高,并以此为依据对泌乳牛舍的灯光控制时间、色温和照度的调节参数进行了设置,以改善泌乳牛舍的光照环境,提高泌乳牛的灯光福利。

This paper aims to analyze the influence of the light time,color temperature and illumination of barn light on the milk yield of lactating cows in Yunnan Plateau region.Totally 50 Holstein cows in 3-4 fetuses were divided into 10 groups on average.One group was selected as the control group,and the other 9 groups were tested under the light parameters of 10h/d,15h/d and 18h/d,and the light color temperature of 3000 k,4000 k and 5000 k,and light illumination of 100 lx,150 lx and 200 lx.The results show that:(1)without considering the influence of light color and light illumination factors,the lactation volume of test cows with 15h/d was significantly higher than that of 10h/d and 18h/d(P<0.05).(2)Without considering the influence of light time and lamp illumination factors,the lactation volume of test cows with light color temperature 3000 k was significantly higher than light color 4000 k and light color 5000 k(P<0.05).(3)Without the influence of light cycle and light color temperature factors,the lactation volume of test cows with 200 lx was significantly higher than that of 150 lx and 100 lx(P<0.05).When considering the combination of light time,light color and light illumination factors at the same time,the cows with 15 h/d,light color temperature of 3000 k and light illumination of 200 lx,milk production was significantly higher than in the other lighting combinations(P<0.05).The comprehensive analysis showed that the milk yield of the test cows was high under the lighting time of 15h/d,the color temperature of 3000k and the illumination of 200 lx,and the light control time and color temperature and illumination adjustment parameters of the lactating cows were set to improve the lighting environment of the lactating cows and improve the lighting welfare of the lactating cows.