翻译的认知情境性路径探赜

An Exploration of Cognitive Situated Approaches to Translation

翻译与认知的关系问题是当代认知科学和语言学哲学的核心论题,围绕翻译实践与翻译理论的规范性基础应当锚定于计算表征范式还是非计算的情境性路径,相关研究在方法论和实证层面都呈现出冲突与张力。事实上,以多元性和互动性为特征的认知情境性路径在求解翻译过程的认知复杂性问题上,将意义、专业技能、情感、情境、社会互动等影响因素全部纳入翻译认知处理过程而加以重新评估,为全面刻画翻译实践所涉及的认知能力与认知过程提供了系统性视角。然而,各种交互式机器翻译模型的不断涌现,对翻译的认知情境性方法论的非计算性视角构成了挑战,从问题空间的结构重新组织翻译认知研究的多样化实践,能够超越狭隘的理论范式之争,为翻译研究建构一种朝向认知整合和认知系统连续性的规范性模式。

The relationship between translation and cognition is a key theme in contemporary cognitive science and philosophy of linguistics,and relevant studies have revealed conflicts and tensions at the methodological and empirical levels around the question of whether the normative basis of translation practice and theory should be anchored in the computational representational paradigm or in the non-computational situated approach.In fact,the cognitive situational approach characterized by diversity and interactivity in solving the cognitive complexity problem of the translation process incorporates all influencing factors such as meaning,professional sklls,emotions,situation,and social interaction into the translation cognitive processing process and reevaluates them,providing a systematic perspective for comprehensively characterizing the cognitive abilities and processes involved in translation practice.However,the emergence of various interactive machine translation models has challenged the non-computational perspective of cognitive situated methodology of translation,and reorganizing the diverse practices of cognitive research on translation from the structure of the problem space can transcend the narrow theoretical paradigm dispute and construct a normative model towards cognitive integration and continuity of cognitive system for translation research.