逆全景敞视主义:论数字资本主义时代的空间权力策略

Converse Panopticism:Study on the Spatial Power Strategy in the Era of Digital Capitalism

全景敞视主义是工业资本主义社会中重要的微观权力范式。随着网络时代的到来,互联网信息技术革命深刻地变革了社会的运行方式,网络社会呈现出监控普遍化、展示价值突显以及人与人普遍联接的特点。新的社会特征使得全景敞视主义这一工业资本主义时代的空间权力策略失去了自身的效力。资本主义要实现自身的再生产,必然在数字时代重建自身的空间权力策略。网络时代的空间权力策略表现为逆全景敞视主义,这是一个中心聚焦的注视结构,彼此缺乏交流的观看者被中心焦点所吸引。通过构筑这一空间结构,资本建构出基于自身意图的网络形式并维系自身的权力。逆全景敞视主义存在于直播购物、社交媒体平台、搜索平台等网络空间中,已经展现出巨大的现实影响。

Panopticism is an important micro-power paradigm in industrial capitalist society.With the advent of the Internet era,the revolution of Internet information technology has profoundly changed the way of society operation.The Internet society has shown characteristics of universal monitoring,prominent display value,and universal connection between people.The new social characteristics have rendered panopticism as the spatial power strategy of the industrial capitalist era ineffective.Capitalism must rebuild its spatial power strategy in the digital age in order to achieve its own reproduction.The spatial power strategy in the era of the internet is manifested as converse panopticism,which is a central-focus gazing structure,and viewers who lack communication with each other are attracted by the central focus.By constructing this spatial structure,capital constructs a network form based on its own intentions and maintains its own power.The converse panopticism exists in online spaces such as live shopping,social media platforms,search platforms and so on,which has already shown a huge practical impact.