大鼠原位肝移植解剖重建研究进展

Research progress on anatomic vascular reconstruction in rat models of orthotopic liver transplantation

大鼠肝移植模型的构建,为解决临床肝移植术后并发症及围手术期治疗等问题提供了理想的动物模型。随着对大鼠肝移植模型建立的深入研究,逐渐形成了经典的“二袖套”法。然而,在移植手术过程中,手术视野差、血管扭转、胆道损伤和无肝期较长等问题仍是传统方法无法避免的。目前国内外大鼠肝移植模型改进方式主要围绕肝上下腔静脉、门静脉、肝下下腔静脉和胆管这4个重要解剖结构的重建展开。为此,本文就肝上下腔静脉、门静脉、肝下下腔静脉和胆管重建领域的最新进展进行整理总结,以便为大鼠肝移植模型的构建提供参考,促进肝移植技术的进一步发展。

Establishment of rat models of liver transplantation provides an ideal animal model for resolving the problems of postoperative complications and perioperative treatment of liver transplantation.With in-depth study of the establishment of rat models of liver transplantation,classic"two-cuff"technique has been gradually employed.However,poor surgical field,vascular torsion,biliary tract injury and long anhepatic phase remain unresolved in the process of liver transplantation using traditional techniques.At present,the rat models of liver transplantation at home and abroad are modified mainly from the reconstruction of four vital anatomic structures including the suprahepatic inferior vena cava,portal vein,infrahepatic inferior vena cava and bile duct.Therefore,the latest progress in the reconstruction of the suprahepatic inferior vena cava,portal vein,infrahepatic inferior vena cava and bile duct was reviewed,aiming to provide reference for the establishment of rat models of liver transplantation and promote further development of liver transplantation techniques.