文学角色借用的文化价值与法律评价——兼评“金庸诉江南案”判决

The Cultural Values and Legal Evaluations of Literary Characters Borrowing——an Analysis of the Judicial Opinions on the“Jing Yong v.Jiang Nan Case”

文学角色借用是一种具有悠久历史的创作手法,有其美学依据和文化价值。为了达到借用的互文效果,只要借用角色名称、被借用的作品有一定知名度、能够唤起读者对被借用作品的联想即可,无须复制被借用作品的表达。这种最低程度的借用既不侵犯著作权,也不构成不正当竞争。在现有法律规则之下,文学角色借用自由与著作权保护可以兼顾。

Literary characters borrowing is a writing skill with a long history,having its aesthetic reasons and cultural values.The minimum borrowing of literary characters for producing the effects of intertextuality demands the borrowing of character names from a prior work,usually very famous,and the borrowing extent should be enough to recall the readers'memory of the borrowed work but without reproducing the expression of the prior work.Such minimum borrowing will not infringe copyright,neither constitute unfair competition.The freedom of literary characters borrowing and the protection of copyright could be balanced under the current legal rules.