间充质干细胞外泌体在皮肤组织修复与再生中的机制及临床应用研究进展

A review of mechanism and clinical application of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in skin tissue repair and regeneration

间充质干细胞是起源于中胚层的非造血干细胞,可在体外增殖并具有自我更新、多向分化潜能和免疫调节功能。间充质干细胞来源的外泌体是细胞间传递信号的重要分子介质,可运输蛋白质、代谢物和各种核酸,具有与间充质干细胞相似的生物学功能,因其更稳定且具有较低的免疫原性,在抗衰老、皮肤伤口愈合及部分皮肤疾病中发挥重要作用,但具体机制尚不明确。文章将从间充质干细胞外泌体在皮肤组织修复与再生中的机制研究与临床应用现状进行综述。

Mesenchymal stem cells are non-hematopoietic stem cells originating from mesoderm,which can proliferate in vitro and have the potential of self-renewal,multidirectional differentiation and immunomodulatory functions.Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are important molecular mediators for signaling between cells,and can transport proteins,metabolites and various nucleic acids.They have similar biological functions as mesenchymal stem cells.Due to their greater stability and lower immunogenicity,they play an important role in anti-aging,skin wound healing and some skin diseases,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.Therefore,this article reviews the mechanism research and clinical application of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes in skin tissue repair and regeneration.