耗竭CD4^(+)T细胞的免疫特点及免疫应用的研究进展

Research progress on the immune characteristics and application of exhausted CD4^(+)T cells

耗竭T细胞(exhausted T cell,Tex)的特征是细胞表面抑制性标记物表达增加,T细胞转录特点随之发生变化,进而表现为进行性和层次性免疫功能丧失。CD4^(+)T细胞在慢性感染或肿瘤环境下,会对其他浸润免疫细胞产生影响,参与肿瘤的病理进展和转归。研究表明,CD4^(+)T细胞在肿瘤微环境中会发生耗竭现象,这种耗竭现象可能与肿瘤的临床治疗效果直接相关。文章主要综述肿瘤中CD4^(+)Tex免疫学特点及免疫学功能,以期为肿瘤治疗提供新的靶点。

Exhausted T cells(Tex)are characterized by increased expression of cell-surface inhibitory markers and concomitant changes in T-cell transcriptional profiles,leading to a progressive and hierarchical immune dysfunction.CD4^(+)T cells can affect other infiltrating immune cells in chronic infection or tumor environments,participating in the pathological progression and prognosis of tumors.Researches have shown that CD4^(+)T cells can also be exhausted in tumor microenvironment,which may be directly related to the clinical treatment effectiveness of tumors.This review mainly summarizes the immunological characteristics and functions of CD4^(+)Tex in tumors,with the aim of providing new targets for tumor treatment.