滤泡辅助性T细胞在HIV感染及疫苗免疫中的作用及机制

Role and mechanism of follicular helper T cells in HIV infection and vaccine immunity

滤泡辅助性T细胞(follicular helper T cell,Tfh)是近期发现的具有B细胞辅助功能的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞亚群,对于生发中心形成、亲和力成熟、高亲和力抗体产生和记忆B细胞的发育至关重要。Tfh与艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)发展进程密切相关。在人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染过程中,Tfh细胞数量、功能、病毒潜伏、Tfh/滤泡调节T细胞(follicular regulatory T cell,Tfr)比例平衡、中和抗体产生等方面均发生变化。文章综述Tfh在HIV感染及疫苗免疫后抗体应答中的作用及机制,旨在为HIV疫苗的设计与免疫策略制定提供参考。

Follicular helper T cells(Tfh)are a recently discovered subset of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes with B-cell auxiliary functions,which are essential for germinal center formation,affinity maturation,high-affinity antibody production,and memory B-cell development.Tfh is closely related to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).In human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,Tfh changes in cell number and function,virus latency,Tfh/follicular regulatory T cell(Tfr)ratio balance,neutralizing antibody production and other aspects.This review summarizes the role and mechanism of Tfh cells in HIV infection and antibody response after vaccine immunization,aiming to provide references for HIV vaccine design and immune strategy formulation.