油田井下作业职业病危害风险评估

Risk Assessment of Occupational Hazards in Oilfield Underground Operation

目的针对油田井下作业职业病危害风险进行系统评估及研究,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法选取某大型油田下属井下作业中心为研究对象,采用现场调查法及检验检测法,确定井下作业存在的主要职业病危害因素及其浓度/强度,采用职业危害风险评估指数法对职业病危害因素暴露水平进行职业病危害风险评估。结果油田井下作业司钻工及水泥车司机噪声检测结果超标,其他职业病危害检测结果均符合我国职业接触限值要求。结果显示,油田井下作业场所职业病危害风险等级评估为“显著危险”,其中噪声贡献值最大。结论油田井下作业中存在的职业病危害较为严重,噪声和铅尘为该作业的主要职业病危害因素,建议针对性地加强该作业的职业病危害防控措施,切实保护工人的职业健康。

Objective Systematic assessment and re-search on occupational hazard risk in oilfield under-ground operation were carried out to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control meas-ures.Methods The underground operation center of a large oil field was selected as the research object,and the main occupational hazard factors existing in underground operations and their concentration/inten-sity were determined by field investigation and in-spection methods.The occupational hazard risk as-sessment index was used to assess the exposure level of occupational hazard factors.Results The noise test results of drillmen and cement truck drivers in oil Wells exceeded the standard,and the test results of other occupational hazards met the requirements of occupational exposure limits in China.The results showed that the occupational hazard risk level of the oilfield underground operation site was“significant risk”,in which the noise contribution value was the largest.Conclusion The occupational disease hazards in oilfield underground operation were serious,and noise and lead dust were the main occupational-dis-ease-inductive factors.It was suggested to strengthen the prevention and control measures of occupational-disease-inductive factors to effectively protect work-ers′occupational health.