一起黄牛气肿疽暴发的紧急流行病学调查

Emergency Epidemiological Investigation on an Outbreak of Bovine Gangraena Emphysematosa

2022年7月31日,某县动物疫病预防控制中心报告当地饲养的黄牛相继发病死亡。为探寻黄牛急性死亡原因,云南省动物疫病预防控制中心组织专业技术人员进行了紧急流行病学调查。综合现场调查、病理剖检及实验室检测结果,确定此次暴发的疫病是气肿疽,袭击率为6.73%(28/416),病死率为100%(28/28)。综合气肿疽流行特点及当地疫病流行史,推测当地存在疫源地和未及时免疫新生牛群是此次气肿疽暴发的主要原因。通过采取饲喂抗菌药物,及时隔离治疗,开展彻底消毒,紧急免疫,加强饲养管理等干预措施,疫病得到有效控制。结果提示:在存在疫源地的情况下,做好药物预防并及时进行免疫接种是防控气肿疽的重要措施。

Local cattle successively died of disease,as reported by County A Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control on July 31,2022.In order to identify the causes of such acute death,an emergency epidemiological investigation was conducted by professional technicians assigned by Yunnan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control.Based on the results of on-site investigation,pathological dissection and laboratory tests,the outbreak was identified as an gangraena emphysematosa,with an attack rate of 6.73%(28/416)and a mortality rate of 100%(28/28).It was supposed that the outbreak was mainly caused by epidemic focus available in local region and newborn herd without timely vaccination,considering the epidemiological characteristics of gangraena emphysematosa and the history of local epidemics.The outbreak was effectively controlled through a series of countermeasures including administration of antimicrobial drugs,timely isolation and treatment for diseased cattle,thorough disinfection,emergency vaccination and strengthening of feeding management.In short,gangraena emphysematosa could be well prevented and controlled through administration of drugs and timely vaccination where an epidemic focus was available.