碳纳米管对鸡禽流感、新城疫的免疫增强效果研究

Efficiency Enhancement of Immune Response to Avian Influenza-Newcastle Disease Vaccine by Carbon Nanotube

为探究碳纳米管(CNT)对鸡免疫禽流感-新城疫二联灭活苗免疫应答的影响,将制备的CNT-二联灭活苗混合物免疫鸡,利用血凝抑制试验对鸡免疫后产生的抗体进行持续检测,并对平均抗体效价及抗体阳性率进行统计学分析。抗体效价结果显示:免疫后7 d,高剂量CNT组鸡新城疫、禽流感抗体效价均高于对照组;免疫后14~130 d,高剂量组鸡抗体效价均稳定在8.00 Log2以上;免疫后7~31 d,中、低剂量CNT组鸡平均抗体效价逐渐升高,但与对照组鸡差异不显著;免疫后42~130 d,中、低剂量组鸡平均抗体效价呈下降趋势,但对照组鸡下降更为明显。抗体阳性率结果显示,中剂量对照组鸡新城疫、禽流感抗体阳性率分别在免疫42、70 d后开始下降,而CNT组鸡抗体阳性率仍为100%;至监测后期(90~130 d),低剂量CNT组鸡抗体阳性率显著高于对照组,二者具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结果说明:CNT作为免疫增强剂,在增快免疫应答,维持抗体效价水平,降低免疫原用量等方面具有明显效果。本研究为动物免疫增强剂研发和应用提供了新思路。

In order to investigate the efficiency of immune response to avian influenza-Newcastle disease bicombinant inactivated vaccine by carbon nanotube(CNT),chickens were immunized with the prepared CNT-bicombinant vaccine mixture,from which the antibodies produced were continuously detected using haemagglutination inhibition(HI)test,and the average antibody titer and antibody positive rate were statistically analyzed.The antibody titer detection results showed that,7 days after immunization,the antibody titers of Newcastle disease and avian influenza in the high-dose CNT group were both higher than those in the control group;14-130 days after immunization,the antibody titers in the high-dose CNT group were stable at above 8.00 Log2;7-31 days after immunization,the average antibody titers in the medium and low-dose CNT groups gradually increased,with not significant difference compared to the control group;42-130 days after immunization,the average antibody titers in the medium and low-dose groups gradually decreased,but that in the control group was more obvious.The antibody positive rate results showed that the antibody positive rates of Newcastle disease and avian influenza in medium-dose control groups started to decrease after 42 and 70 days,respectively,while those in the CNT group remained 100%;at the late stage of monitoring period(90~130 days after immunization),the rate in the low-dose CNT group were significantly higher than that in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).In conclusion,CNT,as an immune enhancer,was effective to accelerate immune response,maintain the level of antibody titer and reduce the dosage of immunogen.A new idea was thus provided for the development and application of immune enhancers in animals.