新中国75年从贸易大国走向贸易强国的回顾与探索

A Review and Exploration of the 75 Years of the People's Republic of China's Transformation from a Big Trading Country to a Trading Power

改革开放是中国从贸易大国走向贸易强国的坚实保障。1979年以来,中国在以制度型开放推动贸易强国建设的过程中形成了3条重要经验:一是以“一带一路”建设为抓手,升级货物贸易;二是以自贸试验区提升战略为抓手,创新服务贸易发展机制;三是打造数字贸易“新引擎”,加快转变贸易增长方式。实践证明,新质生产力促进了传统贸易的量性增长,新质生产力推动了贸易增长模式的质性转变,新质生产力有助于开辟贸易增长的新模式,发展新质生产力有利于培育外贸新动能。因此,以制度型开放推动贸易强国建设必须充分发挥新型举国体制优势,通过发展新质生产力,加快培育外贸新动能,促进货物贸易、服务贸易、数字贸易的协同发展,从而为中国从贸易大国向贸易强国转变提供重要的助力。

Reform and opening up is a solid guarantee for China to move from a big trading country to a trading power.Since 1979,in the process of promoting the construction of a trading power through institutional opening-up,China has formed the following three important experiences:one is to upgrade trade in goods with the construction of the Belt and Road,the second is to take the upgrading strategy of the Pilot Free Trade Zone to innovate the development mechanism of trade in services,and the third is to build a"new engine"for digital trade and accelerate the transformation of trade growth mode.Practice has proved that the New Quality Productivity promotes not only the quantitative growth of traditional trade,but also the qualitative change of trade growth model.Furthermore,the New Quality Productivity helps to open up a new mode of trade growth,and the development of New Quality Productivity is conducive to the cultivation of new momentum of foreign trade.Therefore,to promote the construction of a trading power with institutional opening up must give full play to the advantages of the new national system,accelerate the cultivation of new momentum of foreign trade,promote trade in goods,trade in services and the coordinated development of digital trade to provide an important boost for China's transformation from a trading country to a trading power by means of the development of New Quality Productivity.